Presently, morphine and ziconotide have been approved for delivery by intrathecal pump for pain. Baclofen has been approved for intrathecal delivery for spasticity. Doctors often use medications in the intrathecal pump that have not been approved by the FDA but seem to be safe and effective.

T. Agres, As use of pain pumps expands, scope of problems with devices becomes clearer. Pain Medicine News. Vol.6:03, 2008.

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